Thinker
2 readings
Paulin Hountondji
Thinker · 2 readings
Hountondji challenges accounts that erase disagreement within collective thought and asks who directs knowledge production. Shared identity cannot replace argument, criticism and an audience able to answer.
All readings
2 readings · Title A–Z
Guided course · Module 12 · Lesson 76
Land, knowledge and the right to continue a world
Leanne Betasamosake Simpson connects living knowledge with land, responsibility and authority over learning. The module checkpoint asks who can take part in shaping an account, and what must change for that participation to matter.
Guided course · Module 12 · Lesson 74
Who is speaking when a philosophy is called communal?
Gyekye and Wiredu offer their own argued interpretations of Akan personhood. Hountondji criticizes the assumption that a whole people speaks with one voice, and Oruka investigates individual reasoning in oral dialogue.