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Mozi
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Selected received chapters argue for inclusive concern and against aggressive war. Their attributed speeches are not a verified record of one person’s words.
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Guided course · Module 4 · Lesson 14
Concern beyond one’s own circle
The Mohists argue that partiality leads to conflict and that outsiders’ welfare must count, and they turn the argument against conquest. Concern for everyone, the lesson shows, need not mean identical affection or treatment.