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Monadology
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The Monadology presents Leibniz’s account of simple substances and their coordinated perspectives. Its selected claims support a bounded comparison with Spinoza’s single substance.
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Guided course · Module 9 · Lesson 49
One nature or many substances?
Spinoza argues for one substance, God or Nature, and Leibniz for many monads. For Spinoza, understanding might increase freedom within a necessary order.